Topical Application of <i>Citrus limon</i> Peel Essential Oil Increased Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression on Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction

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Published Mar 14, 2023
https://doi.org/10.18311/ijmds/2023/645
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Volume 12, Issue 1, January 2023

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Fatma Yasmin Mahdani
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Ulyasari Rachmaningayu
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Elva Anjani
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Asri Dewanti Adhi Nugrahaeni
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Naqiya Ayunnisa
Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Salsabila Fitriana Putri
Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Nurina Febriyanti Ayuningtyas
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Priyo Hadi
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Hening Tuti Hendarti
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132
Diah Savitri Ernawati
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132

Abstract

Introduction: Citrus limon peels essential oil has the potential to be developed as a topical medicine due to its active components. The essential oil has been demonstrated in numerous studies to have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. A study is required to determine whether Citrus limon peel essential oil can cause a type IV hypersensitivity reaction by examining the expression of the cytokines TNF-, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as the clinical manifestations on an animal skin. In this study, the effect of topically applying the essential oil of Citrus limon peel on the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as on type IV hypersensitivity reaction symptoms was examined. Methods: This study is based on the guinea-pig maximisation test method in NADFC RI Regulation Number 7 of 2014, with two groups (control group and treatment group) for each set of ten samples. Citrus limon peels essential oil was administered to the treatment group, whereas CMC-Na was given to the control group. Animal models were euthanized after which the tissues were prepared as specimens for immunohistochemical staining. The expression of cytokines was computed and examined using a light microscope. Results: There were no clinical signs of type IV hypersensitivity in either group, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the treatment group was found higher than in the control group. Conclusion: After topical administration of Citrus limon peels essential oil, there was an increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 without any clinical symptoms of type IV hypersensitivity.

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Received 2022-12-27
Accepted 2023-03-02
Published 2023-03-14
How to Cite
Mahdani, F. Y., Rachmaningayu, U., Anjani, E., Adhi Nugrahaeni, A. D., Ayunnisa, N., Putri, S. F. ., Condro Surboyo, M. D., Ayuningtyas, N. F., Hadi, P., Hendarti, H. T., & Ernawati, D. S. (2023). Topical Application of <i>Citrus limon</i> Peel Essential Oil Increased Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression on Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction. International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences, 12(1), 2063–2070. https://doi.org/10.18311/ijmds/2023/645

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